<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>International Journal of Radiation Research</title>
<title_fa>نشریه پرتو پژوه</title_fa>
<short_title>Int J Radiat Res</short_title>
<subject>Basic Sciences</subject>
<web_url>http://ijrr.com</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>79</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>journal79</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>2322-3243</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>2345-4229</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>10.61882/ijrr</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
<language>en</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1404</year>
	<month>10</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2026</year>
	<month>1</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>24</volume>
<number>1</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>en</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa></title_fa>
	<title>Differentiation of metastatic and primary brain tumor using magnetic resonance imaging</title>
	<subject_fa>Radiation Biology</subject_fa>
	<subject>Radiation Biology</subject>
	<content_type_fa>تحقيق بديع</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Original Research</content_type>
	<abstract_fa></abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-justify:newspaper&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-kashida-space:50%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:119%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot; style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#1f497d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style:italic&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;language:en-US&quot;&gt;Background:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;language:en-GB&quot;&gt;Brain tumor segmentation is an important aspect of medical image processing. Timely detection of brain tumors can increase a patient&amp;#39;s survival rate significantly. Doctors use traditional manual techniques for diagnosis, but these techniques are tedious and require intricate programming. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#1f497d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style:italic&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;language:en-GB&quot;&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;language:en-GB&quot;&gt;New developments of automatic and semi-automatic approaches for image processing have been applied. MRI images are characterized using segmentation and registration Toolkit (ITK-SNAP) software to find and demarcate boundaries and assess brain tumor volume from MRI images. This study included six untreated brain tumor patients (aged 35-75) to explore the feasibility of using semi-automated MRI techniques for tumor segmentation. Despite the small sample size, the method showed promising accuracy, highlighting its potential for clinical use. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#1f497d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style:italic&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;language:en-GB&quot;&gt;Results: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;language:en-GB&quot;&gt;Our findings revealed accurate diagnosis of primary brain tumors, 3D tumor size, tumor edges, and metastatic brain tumors based on MRI images. ITK-SNAP proved to be more effective for diagnosing metastatic and secondary brain tumors than conventional techniques. The importance of effective and accurate segmentation, particularly discrimination among primary and metastatic tumors, was highlighted. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#1f497d&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style:italic&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;language:en-GB&quot;&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; style=&quot;font-size:9.0pt&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Calibri&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;language:en-GB&quot;&gt;On the contrary, completely automatic approaches tend to be imprecise. Tailoring the ITK-SNAP tool for brain tumor segmentation maximizes efficiency with improved accuracy for differentiating tumor categories.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
	<keyword>Primary brain tumors, metastatic brain tumors, MRI, semi-automated segmentation, computer-assisted image interpretation.</keyword>
	<start_page>259</start_page>
	<end_page>265</end_page>
	<web_url>http://ijrr.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1484&amp;slc_lang=en&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>M. </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Yasir</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>7900319475328460033012</code>
	<orcid>7900319475328460033012</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Biophotonic Imaging Techniques Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>F. </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Siddique</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>7900319475328460033013</code>
	<orcid>7900319475328460033013</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Physics, Lahore Garrison University, Sector C, DHA Phase 6, Lahore, Pakistan</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>F. </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Andleeb</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>7900319475328460033014</code>
	<orcid>7900319475328460033014</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Physics, Govt Sadiq Women University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>G. </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Gilanie</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>7900319475328460033015</code>
	<orcid>7900319475328460033015</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Department of Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Computing, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>H. </first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Ullah</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>hafeezullah@iub.edu.pk </email>
	<code>7900319475328460033016</code>
	<orcid>7900319475328460033016</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Biophotonic Imaging Techniques Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
