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Showing 4 results for Hussain

S.b. Awan, M. Hussain, S.a. Dini, Dr. A.s. Meigooni,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (3-2008)
Abstract

In the recent years, interstitial brachytherapy implantation has become the treatment of choice for early stage prostate cancer patients. Treatment of prostate cancer with radiation is traced back to 1909. Originally this treatment modality was very crude and could not gain much popularity till 1982. Advancements in radioactive source designs, introduction of new low energy radioactive sources, and new imaging modalities made this treatment modality a treatment of choice for early stage prostate cancer patients. Popularity of this modality is due to the fact that five-and ten-year disease control rates of brachytherapy are equal to those of the surgical, whereas, the toxicity and side-effects are perceived to be lower. This manuscript presents historical review of interstitial brachytherapy, innovations in radioactive source designs, dosimetry and dose calculations.
Dr. A.a. Abojassim, L.a. Najam, D. Naji, T.a. Hussain,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (4-2017)
Abstract

Background: Hair dyes are the important materials widely used by various peoples in Iraq and other countries. The present work investigates the presence of the effective radium content and radon exhalation rate in hair dyes samples. Materials and Methods: Twenty  hair dyes  samples were collected from Iraqi markets. Sealed can technique using LR-115 type II plastic track detector s has been used in order to measure the effective radium content and radon exhalation rate. Results: The average values of the effective radium content ranges were from 2.30±0.179 Bq/kg to 3.07±0.254Bq/kg and the average values of radon exhalation rate range of 0.282±0.019 mBq/m2.day to 0.369±0.026 mBq/m2.day. Conclusion: The results coincide with the recommended OECD and ICRP's action level. In addition a good correlation was found between the effective radium content and radon exhalation rate in hair dyes samples.


Kh. Masood, A. Ullah, A. Hussain, Kh. Mahmood, G.r. Hart, Ph.d., W. Muhammad,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (7-2020)
Abstract

Background: Dosimetry audits have an important role to safely deliver the prescribed radiation dose to the cancerous area.  It not only maintains and improve the treatment standards but also identify issues that are potentially harmful to the patients. This article presents the results of a comparative study of beam output measurements of a high-energy photon beam emitted from a medical linear accelerator. Materials and Methods: The measurements were performed by an International Atomic Energy Commission (IAEA) Quality Assurance/Quality Control survey mission (level-I dosimetry), a national Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (SSDL) experts (level-II dosimetry) and hospital physicists (level-III dosimetry). Glass dosimeters and cylindrical ionization chambers for level I and cylindrical ionization chambers for level-II and -III dosimetry were used in water by following IAEA TRS-398 protocol. Results: The level-I dosimetry results of glass dosimeters and ionization chambers were compared and percent deviations of -0.4 % and 0.3 % were found for 6 and 15 MV-photon beams, respectively. Similarly, level-II and -III dosimetry results with respect to level-I are in good agreement and within the optimum uncertainty level of ±5%. The annual level-II dosimetry quality audits (i.e., from 2010 to 2015) showed that only one dosimetry audit is out of the optimum level set for this study. However, it is within the tolerance level set for level-II quality audit programs (i.e., < ±5%). Conclusion: In conclusion, this article has demonstrated consistent radiotherapy radiation dosimetry results for MV-photons beams. It also showed quantitative information in-line with the currently achieved accuracy and precision of external megavoltage photon beam dosimetry. Furthermore, this study also established a baseline for current routine audits of radiotherapy dosimetry. Studies of this type are essential to appropriately follow the recommendations and procedures of the pertinent dosimetry protocols.

Ph.d., K. Hussain, M.i. Saripan, M.a. Alnafea, D. Mahboub, R. Mahmud, W.a. Wan Adnan, D. Xianling,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract

Background: Modified Uniformly Redundant Array (MURA) Coded Aperture (CA) is a type of mask recently proposed for breast tumor imaging. Such masks have been frequently used in nuclear medicine clinical applications for the past two decades. All CA imaging methods are still limited to planar imaging, with only a few exceptions where they can be used for thin 3D imaging. At present, there is no commercially available SPECT camera that employs CA technology. Materials and Methods: This paper is investigating the proof-of-concept of the MURA CA mask for 3D breast tumor imaging. Such image formation performed well in planar imaging, but it is not fully evaluated for thick sources in 3D imaging. This paper demonstrated the performance of MURA in 3D breast imaging. The proposed imaging system uses a MURA mask and antimask dual reconstruction, and the raw projections are reconstructed using an iterative algorithm, Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization (MLEM). Results: The MURA antimask-reconstructed images are summed with mask images to enhance sensitivity, and the resultant image with up to 3 mm lesion diameter can be detected. The reconstructed image quality is measured by plotting profiles and by measuring contrast-to-background ratio, peak-signal-to-noise ratio, and mean square error. Conclusion: The proposed scintigraphy system has successfully reconstructed a breast phantom with a lesion of 3 mm diameter and tumor-to-background ratio of 10:1 using a MURA CA mask. Therefore, MURA 3D scintigraphy can be used to diagnose cancer at an early stage.


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