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Showing 2 results for Workplace
G. Hodolli, Sadik Bekteshi, S. Kadiri, B. Xhafa, K. Dollani,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (10-2015)
Abstract
Background: In this study are submitted the radon concentration measurement results of four underground mines: Stanterg, Artana, Hajvali and Badovc, which are owned by Trepça Enterprise, Kosovo. The mines have the same geological formation and from these mines are extracted ores rich with lead, zinc, silver, and gold. The radiation exposures caused by radon and radon daughters was determined and gamma dose measurements were also performed in the same time. Materials and Methods: The measurement of radon concentrations in the environment of mines is carried out by CRM 510, a portable device which continuously made measurement for four consecutive days. The gamma exposure was determined using fully portable handheld instrument GR-130 Exploranium. The detector consisted of a 65 cm3 sodium iodide NaI(Tl) and a GM tube. The system was calibrated against a 137Cs standard and checked for stability using a low-activity 9 kBq radioactive source. Results: The radon gas concentration for underground mines under study varied from minimal values 60 Bqm-3 to maximal recorded value 748 Bqm-3. The average radon concentration for mines Stanterg, Artana, Hajvali and Badovc are 301.6, 191.4, 463.2 and 527.2 Bqm-3, respectively. Conclusion: The average of total annual effective doses from radon concentration and radon decay products for miners under the study is 2.67 mSv and just from gamma ray exposure is 0.26 mSv. The average values for radon concentration and radon decay products to mines under the study are lower than action level 1000 Bq m-3 given by IAEA.
S.t. Kim, Ph.d., J. Yoo,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: Radon is a normally occurring radioactive material, which is designated as a class 1 human carcinogen. Therefore, it is important to control radon exposure in dwellings and workplaces. Methods: The radon guidelines of 32 countries across Europe, North America, and Asia were examined to determine rational radon exposure standards for minimizing radon risk in dwellings, offices, and workplaces. The exposure standards were classified as standards for people in dwellings and offices, where radon exposure can occur through construction materials, and standards for workers exposed to radon at industrial sites, where they directly handle products containing radioactive matter such as raw materials and by-products from processing. Results: The examination results showed that in South Korea, the advisory reference level (ARL) for dwellings is set to 148 Bq/m3. Moreover, ARLs are set for subway stations, libraries, medical institutions, and indoor parking lots, but there are no radon exposure standards to protect workers in manufacturing sites, officers, and other workplaces. In other countries, the ARL or the mandatory reference level (MRL) are usually regulated between 148–400 Bq/m3 for dwellings and public-use facilities, and between 200–1,000 Bq/m3 for workplaces. Conclusion: It is recommended to use 148 Bq/m3, which is the standard set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, for dwellings and workplaces. For workplaces, it is recommended to set the exposure standard between 400 Bq/m3, which is the level adopted in most European Union member countries, and 1,000 Bq/m3, which is the reference level recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection.
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