en Radiation Biology Radiation Biology تحقيق بديع Original Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:newspaper"><span style="text-kashida-space:50%"><span style="line-height:119%"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Background</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">:</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span style="language:en-US">Some growth factors and electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are capable to differentiate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) into neural cells. EMF may induce BMMSCs to differentiate into dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Our aim was to analyze the influence of EMF on BMMSCs in the treatment of rat models of Parkinson&#39;s disease.</span></span></span></span> <span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Materials and Methods</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">:</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span style="language:en-US"> BMMSCs were extracted from the rat&rsquo;s hind limbs and incubated in a cell-cultured CO</span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:5.9939pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span style="language:en-US">₂</span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span style="language:en-US"> incubator. After the third passage, the BMMSCs were exposed to sinusoidal and square wa</span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span style="language:en-US">veform</span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span style="language:en-US"> EMF (400 &micro;T, 75 Hz, 1 h/day - 1 week or 7 h/1 day) and injected into the substantia nigra region of Parkinson rats. </span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Results</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">:</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span style="language:en-US"> The results confirmed an increased number of TH+ neurons, a reduction of activated astrocytes, and an improvement in locomotor activity (Pole test) of sinusoidal EMF groups. </span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-style:italic"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">Conclusion</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:#1f497d"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="language:en-US">:</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri"><span style="color:black"><span style="language:en-US"> We presented a low-frequency sinusoidal EMF that increased BMMSCs&rsquo; differentiation into DA neurons. The results indicated that injection of BMMSC exposed to sinusoidal 75 Hz EMF may increase TH+ cells in SNpc and motor coordination activity in the rat model of Parkinson&#39;s disease.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Electromagnetic field, Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, Differentiation, Parkinson disease. 61 66 http://ijrr.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-1005&slc_lang=en&sid=1 T. Jadidi 7900319475328460023055 7900319475328460023055 No Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran N. Asadian 7900319475328460023056 7900319475328460023056 No Department of Medical Physics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran M. Jadidi Jadidim@semums.ac.ir 7900319475328460023057 7900319475328460023057 Yes Department of Medical Physics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran M. Safari 7900319475328460023058 7900319475328460023058 No Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran H.R. Sameni 7900319475328460023059 7900319475328460023059 No Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran V. Semnani 7900319475328460023060 7900319475328460023060 No Department of Pathology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran