Dr. Hossein Mozdarani
International Journal of Radiation Research
2322-3243
2345-4229
10
2
2012
9
1
Annual effective dose and concentration levels of gross α and β in Turkish market tea
67
72
EN
F.K.
Görür
filizkorkmaz@yahoo.com
Y
R.
Keser
N
N.
Akçay
N
N.
As
N
S.
Dizman
N
Background: Tea is one of the most popular
beverages all over the world which is prepared from
the leaves of a shrub camellia sinensis. Eastern Black
Sea Region of Turkey which account for around 100%
of all tea production in Turkey was among the areas
contaminated by Chernobyl accident. Materials and
Methods: A comprehensive study was planned and
carried out to determine the level of gross α and β
radioactivity and annual effective dose equivalent in
different Turkish market tea using LSC. Results: The
average measurements for digestion and infusion are
5.0 mBql-1 and 1.8 mBql-1 for gross α, 80.7 mBql-1
and 9.0 mBql-1 for gross β in tea samples. Contributions
of the infusion tea samples to total annual
effective dose equivalent from 238U, 234U, 230Th, 226Ra,
210Po, 232Th, 238Th, 210Pb and 228Ra are 0.103, 0.112,
0.480, 0.640, 2.742, 0.525, 0.164, 7.740 and
7.740 μSvy-1 for adults. Conclusion: The obtained
results showed that natural activity concentrations of
α- and β-emitting radionuclides and annual effective
dose equivalent in tea samples did not exceed WHO
recommended levels. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2012 10(2):
67‐72
Gross α, gross β, activity, tea, effective dose equivalent
http://ijrr.com/article-1-937-en.html
http://ijrr.com/article-1-937-en.pdf
Dr. Hossein Mozdarani
International Journal of Radiation Research
2322-3243
2345-4229
10
2
2012
9
1
A fast model for prediction of respiratory lung motion for image-guided radiotherapy: A feasibility study
73
81
EN
M.
Zehtabian
N
R.
Faghihi
N
M.A.
Mosleh-Shirazi
amosleh@sums.ac.ir
Y
A.R.
Shakibafard
N
M.
Mohammadi
N
M.
Baradaran-Ghahfarokhi
N
Background: The aim of this work was to study the
feasibility of constructing a fast thorax model suitable
for simulating lung motion due to respiration using
only one CT dataset. Materials and Methods: For
each of six patients with different thorax sizes, two
sets of CT images were obtained in single-breath-hold
inhale and exhale stages in the supine position. The
CT images were then analyzed by measurements of
the displacements due to respiration in the thorax
region. Lung and thorax were 3D reconstructed and
then transferred to the ABAQUS software for
biomechanical fast finite element (FFE) modeling. The
FFE model parameters were tuned based on three of
the patients, and then was tested in a predictive
mode for the remaining patients to predict lung and
thorax motion and deformation following respiration.
Results: Starting from end-exhale stage, the model,
tuned for a patient created lung wall motion at
end-inhale stage that matched the measurements for
that patient within 1 mm (its limit of accuracy). In the
predictive mode, the mean discrepancy between the
imaged landmarks and those predicted by the model
(formed from averaged data of two patients) was 4.2
mm. The average computation time in the fast predictive
mode was 89 sec. Conclusion: Fast prediction of
approximate, lung and thorax shapes in the respiratory
cycle has been feasible due to the linear elastic
material approximation, used in the FFE model. Iran.
J. Radiat. Res., 2012 10(2): 73‐81
Finite element modeling, lung motion, image-guided radiotherapy
http://ijrr.com/article-1-938-en.html
http://ijrr.com/article-1-938-en.pdf
Dr. Hossein Mozdarani
International Journal of Radiation Research
2322-3243
2345-4229
10
2
2012
9
1
Measurement of radium concentration and radon exhalation rates of soil samples collected from some areas of Bulandshahr district, Uttar Pradesh, India using plastic track detectors
83
87
EN
M.
Zubair
mzubairphysics@gmail.com
Y
M.
Shakir Khan
N
D.
Verma
N
Background: Radon is an odourless, colourless
and tasteless gas and it is the first cause of lung
cancer among non- smokers. The assessment of the
level of radium in building materials helps in understanding
the radiological implications. It has been
observed that everyone has some levels of exposure
to them. Therefore measurement of radium and
radon in the soil samples are important from public
health point of view. Materials and Methods: In the
present work, radon exhalation rate and radium from
soil samples have been measured through “Sealed
Can technique” using LR-115 type II plastic track
detector. Twenty two samples were collected from
industrial area of Bulandshahr, Hapur and Meerut
districts of Uttar Pradesh (India). Results: The radium
concentration ranges from 9.2 to 18.7 Bqkg-1 with an
average value of 14.1 Bqkg-1. The area exhalation
rate for radon ranges from 394.1 to 798.3 mBqm-2 h-
1 with an average value of 600.7 mBqm-2 h-1 and
mass exhalation rate ranges from 15.1 to 30.7
mBqkg-1h-1 with an average value of 23.1 mBqkg-1h-1.
A strong correlation coefficient has been observed
between radium concentration and radon exhalation
rate. Conclusion: The values of radium concentration
in all the soil samples were found to be lower than
the limit 370 Bqkg-1 as recommended by OECD,
1979. Hence, there is no matter of concern to the
population living in this region. Iran. J. Radiat. Res.,
2012 10(2): 83‐87
Soil, plastic track detectors, radium concentration, radon exhalation rates
http://ijrr.com/article-1-939-en.html
http://ijrr.com/article-1-939-en.pdf
Dr. Hossein Mozdarani
International Journal of Radiation Research
2322-3243
2345-4229
10
2
2012
9
1
Patient doses from X-ray computed tomography examinations by a single-array detector unit: Axial versus spiral mode
89
94
EN
S.M.
Ghavami
N
A.
Mesbahi
amesbahi2010@gmail.com
Y
I.
Pesianian
N
Background: X-ray computed tomography (CT)
examinations deliver a significant amount of radiation
doses to patients comparing to conventional radiography
examinations. The objective of the current
study was to analyze and investigate the average
patient received dose from axial and spiral CT exams
in a medical imaging center. Material and Methods:
In this study, the patient imaging technique, weight
and height were recorded. The patients’ doses
provided by CT unit in terms of CTDIw were also
recorded. Then, other dosimetric quantities including
dose-length product (DLP) and effective dose were
calculated for each patient using the recorded data.
The average values were obtained for all the studied
dosimetric quantities. Also, their distribution in terms
of examined regions and imaging mode ie, axial and
spiral CT were analyzed by SPSS software. Results:
For all patients, the mean effective dose of 4.4 mGy
with the standard deviation of 9.2 was found. The
CTDIw for axial group was two times higher than spiral
ones. Conversely, the effective dose of axial group
was less than spiral group. Additionally, the effective
doses of 2.3 and 5.2 mSv were found for axial and
spiral, receptively. For both quantities of CTDIw and
effective dose, the observed difference between axial
and spiral modes were significant (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Our results showed that although the
patient doses in the current study was comparable
with the reported values by similar studies in other
countries, it was higher than the reported values of a
similar study in Iran. Exposure technique’s optimaization
and further review in routine CT examinations
were recommended. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2012 10(2):
89‐94
X-ray CT dose, patient effective dose, spiral CT, DLP, CTDIw
http://ijrr.com/article-1-940-en.html
http://ijrr.com/article-1-940-en.pdf
Dr. Hossein Mozdarani
International Journal of Radiation Research
2322-3243
2345-4229
10
2
2012
9
1
Measurements of output factors using different ionization chambers and build up caps
95
98
EN
A.
Iftikhar
iahmadmp@gmail.com
Y
Background: The aim of this work was to study
the output factors for Linac using different ionization
chambers and build up caps. Materials and Methods:
Output factors were measured for open square fields
(3 × 3 cm to 40 × 40 cm) defined by collimator jaws
for 6 and 15 MV photon beams from a Varian Clinac
2100C accelerator were measured. The measurements
in air were performed using Compact Cylindrical
and Farmer type ionization chamber fitted with
acrylic and brass build up caps. All measurements
were taken with the detector set with its central axis
perpendicular to the beam central axis and isocentrically
positioned at the reference depth in empty water
phantom. Results and Discussion: It was observed
that out put factors increased with field size for both
6 and 15 MV photon beams. The increase in output
factor is less prominent for brass build-up caps than
acrylic build up caps. Up to 1.53% and 0.97 %
difference were observed between 6 and 15 MV
energies for acrylic and brass build up caps respectively.
For acrylic build up cap, no significant
difference was found for both ionization chambers.
However, measurements for brass and acrylic build
up caps with same ion chamber differ by up to 4.4 %
for 15 MV energy. Conclusions: The measurement of
output factors Shwith cylindrical build-up cap made of
high Z material distorts Shand should be avoided. The
use of buildup caps with Zeff close to that of water
such as acrylic is a good choice. Ionization chamber is
the best choice for Sh measurements for large field
sizes. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2012 10(2): 95‐98
Output factors,build up caps, ionization chamber
http://ijrr.com/article-1-941-en.html
http://ijrr.com/article-1-941-en.pdf
Dr. Hossein Mozdarani
International Journal of Radiation Research
2322-3243
2345-4229
10
2
2012
9
1
Assessment of metrezoate-labeled gallium transmission in cultured human Burkitt lymphatic cells
99
104
EN
M.
Navvabpour
N
H.
Moladoust
hmoladoust@gums.ac.ir
Y
N.
Navvabpour
N
Background: In addition to determining the exact
tumor location and its geometric features, an
increase of the effective tumor atomic number will
enhances the chance in treating the tumoral cells
under suitable radiation. In the present study, we
assessed metrezoate-labeled gallium transmission in
Burkett lymphatic cells. Materials and Methods:
Human Burkitt lymphatic cells were grown in culture
media. Metrezoate-76% labeled with gallium-67 and
the developed complex was used with a volumetric
amount of 125%. The complex was added to the
culture media, and then the absorbed volume was
determined. Through the SPECT imaging system, the
culture media containing the lymphatic cell colonies
were scanned 1, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72-hr postaddition
of metrezoate-gallium complex. The transmitted
activities in the colonies area were measured
after imaging. Results: Gallium-metrezoate complex
is significantly accumulated in malignant lymphatic
cells. The study of the results throughout 72-hr
revealed that most absorption, count quantity and
transmitted activity had all occurred 4-hr after adding
gallium-metrezoate complex solution. Conclusion: It
can be concluded that gallium-metrezoate complex
can be significantly accumulated in the Burkett
lymphatic cells and uptake is non-linear with
exposures time. This method of enhancing effective
atomic number in malignant lymphatic cells therefore
appears promising. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2012 10(2):
99‐104
Effective atomic number, lymphatic tumoral cells, gallium-metrezoate
http://ijrr.com/article-1-942-en.html
http://ijrr.com/article-1-942-en.pdf
Dr. Hossein Mozdarani
International Journal of Radiation Research
2322-3243
2345-4229
10
2
2012
9
1
Effects of different carriers for adsorption of I-125 on brachytherapy sources
105
107
EN
M.R.
Ghahramani
Ghahramani_mr@yahoo.com
Y
F.
Asgharizadeh
N
M.R.
Assadi
N
S.J.
Ahmadi
N
K.
Moradi
N
Background: One of the key techniques for
the preparation of 125I seeds is adsorption of 125I onto
silver bits coated by palladium (pd). Carriers played
an important role in the adsorption of 125I on
palladium. KI is used as a carrier for fixing of 125I onto
silver wire bits coated with palladium. Materials and
Methods: Three procedures KI, KOH, NH4OH were
investigated for adsorption of 125I activity by different
carriers. Results: Adsorptions percentage of 125I on
treated silver beads showed about 85% by using KI
as a carrier, the KOH showed 74% and 65% for
NH4OH. Conclusion: The results indicated that, the
use of KI as a carrier was suitable for adsorption of
125I on treated silver seeds with Pd than KOH and
NH4OH. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2012 10(2): 105‐107
I-125, brachytherapy, seed source
http://ijrr.com/article-1-943-en.html
http://ijrr.com/article-1-943-en.pdf
Dr. Hossein Mozdarani
International Journal of Radiation Research
2322-3243
2345-4229
10
2
2012
9
1
Detection of chordoma recurrence by F-18 FDG-PET/CT
109
110
EN
A.
Sabet
amir.sabet@ukb.uni-bonn.de
Y
H.
Ahmadzadehfar
N
F.J.
Huertos Lopez
N
M.
Muckle
N
A.
Schmiedel
N
H.J.
Biersack
N
S.
Ezziddin
N
Background: Despite the relative success of surgical
resection followed by proton, proton/photon, or
conventional radiotherapy in terms of recurrence-free
survival, chordomas are still associated with a high
rate of recurrence. To our knowledge there are only
very few reported cases of this rare tumor detected
by F-18 FDG-PET. Materials and Methods: In this case
we show the significance of F-18 FDG-PET/CT in
detection of recurrent Chordoma in a 38 year old
man with a history of the disease and a newly
detected cervical lymphatic mass. Results: The fused
PET/CT images manifested the presence of two
abnormal foci of tracer uptake corresponding to a
retroclavicular and an infrajugular Lymph node
proved to be metastases of the previous chordoma in
histopathology. Conclusion: Further employment of
F-18 FDG-PET/CT in this rare tumour type might
eventually define and establish its value in staging of
chordoma. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2012 10(2): 109‐110
Chordoma, FDG-PET/CT, 18F-FDG, bone tumors
http://ijrr.com/article-1-944-en.html
http://ijrr.com/article-1-944-en.pdf