2024-03-29T08:56:21+03:30 http://ijrr.com/browse.php?mag_id=50&slc_lang=en&sid=1
50-1513 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Post-operative radiotherapy of keloids. A 10-years experience of kilovoltage irradiation A. Pontoriero apontoriero@unime.it A. Potami G. Iatì S. Comitini M. Venza N. Settineri S. Pergolizzi C. De Renzis Background: Keloids are benign fibrous dermal tumors originating from skin injury after surgery, piercing or others wounds. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients with keloids were treated postoperatively using orthovoltage irradiation. The total dose delivered was 12 Gy in three consecutive days, 4Gy per fraction. Treatment started 24 h after surgery. The median follow-up was 44.5 months. Results: Grade 1 erythema was observed in 48% of patients (30/62) 20/62 patients (32%) showed telangiectasia and altered skin pigmentation as late toxicities. In 10/62 (16%) a clinical relapse was observed. Conclusion: The postoperative orthovoltage radiotherapy for keloids is a valid and tolerated method that reduces the risk of recurrence. Aims: evaluate the role of post-operative superficial orthovoltage radiotherapy in the management of keloids. Keloids kilovoltage radiotherapy 2015 7 01 201 204 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1513-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.001
50-1514 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis of the correlation between radiotherapy-related factors and tumor response Y.J. Park W.S. Yoon irionyws@naver.com J.A. Lee N.K. Lee S. Lee D.S. Yang C.Y. Kim J.H. Kim Background: To determine which radiotherapy parameters are associated with the tumor response of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Thirty one patients with IIIA/IIIB NSCLC underwent chemoradiotherapy with a median dose of 63 Gy. On our actual treatments, we made radiotherapy planning to cover the planning target volume (PTV) with 95% of the prescribed dose, and checked the second CT simulation when a cumulative dose was about 36 Gy. For this study, each PTV of primary tumor was re-defined with even margins from the gross target volume (GTV), and the actual plan overlaid the re-defined PTV. The correlations between the tumor response rate during chemoradiotherapy and after chemoradiotherapy, and the dose distribution parameters (D95, V95, mean tumor dose and homogeneity index), total dose and GTV, were evaluated. Results: Median overall survival was 15.5 months and the two-year survival 42.3%. At first recurrence, radiation-field recurrence, distant metastases and simultaneous recurrence were developed in 35.5%, 41.9% and 9.7% of the cases, respectively. The dose distribution parameters were generally favorable and were not related with tumor response rate. The tumor response rate after chemoradiotherapy was correlated with the residual GTV at second simulation (&gamma=-0.627, p<0.001) and the tumor response rate during chemoradiotherapy (&gamma=0.541, p=0.003). Conclusion: Minimal correlation was found between the dose distribution parameters that were over the minimal dose requirement and tumor response in NSCLC with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The small residual volume during chemoradiotherapy could indicate good tumor response after chemoradiotherapy. Non-small cell lung cancer chemoradiotherapy tumor response Dose volume histogram tumor volume 2015 7 01 205 212 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1514-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.002
50-1515 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Studies on electron beam induced DNA damage and repair kinetics in lymphocytes by alkaline comet assay K. Rajesha Nairy N.N. Bhat P. Joseph G. Sanjeev N. Yerol narayanay@yahoo.com Background: Exposure to ionizing radiation is known to induce oxidative stress followed by damage to critical biomolecules like lipids, proteins and DNA through radiolysis of cellular water. Since radiation has been widely used as an important tool in therapy of cancer, the detailed investigation regarding the DNA damage and repair kinetics would help to predict the radiation sensitivity of cells. The present study is focused on quantification of DNA damage and repair kinetics of human peripheral blood lymphocytes after 8 MeV pulsed electron beam irradiation in vitro. Materials and Methods: DNA damage and repair kinetics in human blood cells were studied using alkaline comet assay. The dose-response curves for the dose range of 0-5 Gy were established using 8 MeV electron beam. Repair kinetics was studied by incubating the cells from 0 to 90 min at 37°C after irradiation. For quantification of DNA damage, percentage Tail DNA, Tail length, Tail moment and Olive Tail moment were used as a comet parameter. Results and Conclusion: The study reveals that, induction of DNA damage by 8 MeV pulsed electron beam is near linear with a negligible negative quadratic component at high doses. This small quadratic component is attributed to high dose rate during the pulsed irradiation. The DNA repair halftime and mean repair time for human blood lymphocytes were found to be varying between 9.29 - 23.78 min and 13.41 - 34.31 min respectively. The repair rate is found to be maximum in initial 15 minutes and almost constant after 60 min. DNA damage DNA repair kinetics alkaline comet assay Microtron accelerator pulsed electron beam 2015 7 01 213 220 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1515-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.003
50-1516 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Indoor exposure assessment of radon in the elementary schools, Palestine H. Al Zabadi halzabadi@gmail.com K. Mallah G. Saffarini Background: Many public health agencies rank residential radon exposure as the second leading cause of lung cancer after cigarette smoking. It has been shown that the risk coefficient for lung cancer is higher for children than that for adults. Therefore, indoor radon measurements were carried out in the elementary schools of Tulkarem province, West Bank, Palestine. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and thirty solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) type CR-39 were distributed in the classrooms of 20 elementary schools in Tulkarem province area. About thirty of them were used for quality assurance purposes. The CR-39 detectors were exposed in the schools for three months during the school summer holiday from May 2012 to August 2012 and then collected and etched in Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) 6.25 N solution at 75 °C for 6 h. The tracks were counted manually at the digital microscope. Results: The indoor radon levels were generally low, ranging from 3.48 to 210.51 Bq/m3 (Becquerel per cubic meter), with a mean radon concentration (mean±SE standard error) of 40.42± 2.49 Bq/m3. The average annual radon effective dose was assessed to be (mean±SE) 0.17 ± 0.01 mSv/y (milliSievert per year) while the excess lifetime lung cancer risk was approximately 0.09%. The results obtained indicate that the indoor radon concentration was significantly affected by the floor level of the classroom (negatively correlated) and the school building age (positively correlated). Conclusion: The radon concentration and the resulting dose in the schools were within the reference levels of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Better ventilation is recommended to decrease the risk to the minimum. Indoor radon schools CR-39 effective dose lung cancer risk 2015 7 01 221 228 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1516-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.004
50-1517 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Comparison of the photon charge between water and solid phantom depending on depth J.W. Hong H.K. Lee J.H. Cho 8452404@hanmail.net Background: This study assessed the clinical usefulness of the solid phantom, which may compensate for the disadvantages of the water phantom, by comparing the radiological doses between the two depending on their depths. Materials and Methods: The experimental equipment used was a linear accelerator for medical use, water phantom, solid phantom, Farmer type ion chamber and electrometer. The distance between the ray source and the center of the ion chamber was fixed to a SAD of 100 cm during the experiment. The field size was 10 x 10 cm2 and the radiation energies of the photon rays were 6 MV and 15 MV. The depth interval was 1cm (range 1-10 cm) for each energy. The relative deviation ratio of the water phantom to the solid phantom was calculated. Results: The measurement at 100 MU was performed more than five times to calculate the average charge and absorbed dose, and the relative deviation was analyzed based on the water phantom. The results obtained at depths from 1 to 10 cm were 0.034%, -0.457%, -0.167%, 0.011%, 0.117%, 0.271%, 0.349%, 0.709%, 0.376% and 0.611% at 6 MV and those obtained at 15 MV were 1.199%, 0.033%, 0.166%, 0.496%, 0.556%, 0.705%, 0.656%, 1.071%, 0.7% and 1.057%, respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, the solid phantom is useful and may complement the disadvantages of the water phantom, including the time required for its installation and errors in the measurement depth, and may precisely measure the radiological dose. Water phantom solid phantom charge absorbed dose 2015 7 01 229 234 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1517-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.005
50-1518 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Development of methemoglobin-based biological dosimetry in gamma–irradiated mice X.H. Zhang Y.N. Zhang X.Y. Min Z.C. Lou A.L. Wang X.D. Hu H.Q. Zhang zhanghq@nuaa.edu.cn Background: A new biological dosimeter based on methemoglobin level was developed in this study. Materials and Methods: Methemoglobin level in erythrocytes from mice subjected to &gamma rays from a 60Co source was detected using the methemoglobin kit. The dose range was from 0.5 to 8 Gy and the dose rate was 0.5 Gy/min. Results: The results demonstrate that methemoglobin level increases with increasing dose. The detection limit based on methemoglobin has a lower limit of dose estimation of about 1 Gy. The high levels of methemoglobin are maintained for at least 28 days, and the maximal increase of methemoglobin observed occurs at about 30 min after &gamma irradiation. The relationship between dosage and the increased methemoglobin level can be expressed by a linear quadratic equation of y = -8.75 x2 + 168.09 x + 32.66, with the correlation coefficient, r, equal to 0.96. The best suggested time for blood collection is up to 1 day after &gamma irradiation. The doses absorbed by mice as estimated from the use of the dose-response relationship were close to the blind doses of 1, 2, 4 and 8 Gy. Conclusion: Methemoglobin is a quick, simple, and precise biomarker for the early assessment of the absorbed dose in mice. : Biological dosimetry methemoglobin gamma irradiation mouse 2015 7 01 235 241 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1518-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.006
50-1519 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Dose response evaluation of a low density anoxic polymer gel dosimeter using MRI M. Gholami mhrgh@yahoo.com D. Shahbazi-Gahrouei T. Allahverdi Pourfallah Background: The human body contains of different tissues and cavities with different physical and radiological properties. Most important among these are tissues and cavities that are radiologically different from water, including lungs, sinuses and bones. Gel dosimetry provides a unique feature to display dose distributions occurring in clinical radiation therapy in three dimensions. Materials and Methods: The low density polymer gel dosimeter is composed of 12% gelatin, 5% methacrylic acid, 0.15% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10 mM THPC, and approximately 83% ultrapure deionized water. Post- preparation irradiation time for all samples was 5 hr. The time between irradiation and scanning for all gels experiments was 18 hr. The gel dosimeters were imaged using a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner in a transmitter/receiver head coil. Results: There was a linear correlation between the doses and R2 responses from 0 to 12 Gy. However, above the 14 Gy probably due to saturation and or consumption of the monomers the dose response was reduced. The low-density gels had a mass density between 0.35 and 0.45 g.cm-3 and the CT values of about -650 to -750 Hounsfield units. These values are close to those of the normal human lung tissue, which ranges from -770 to -875 Hounsfield units. Conclusion: Increasing the gel temperature during rotation in the household mixer and probably reactions between the gelatin-free radicals and monomers led to a higher R2-background response. Low density polymer gel dosimetry radiation therapy MRI 2015 7 01 243 249 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1519-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.007
50-1520 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Trabecular bone changes induced by fast neutrons versus gamma rays in mice Y. Yang H.J. Lee H. Jang J.H. Lee C. Moon J.C. Kim U. Jung S.K. Jo C.M. Kang S.H. Kim shokim@chonnam.ac.kr Background: The trabecular bone changes in the tibia of C3H/HeN mice were measured 12 weeks after whole body irradiation with various doses of fast neutrons (0-2.4 Gy) or 137Cs-generated gamma-rays (0-6 Gy). Materials and Methods: Serum calcium, phosphorus, estradiol concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured. Tibiae were analyzed using microcomputed tomography. Biomechanical property and osteoclast surface level were measured. Results: There was a significant relationship between the loss of bone architecture and the radiation dose, and the best-fitting dose-response curves were linear-quadratic. Mean relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values (Ref. gamma) of 2.05 and 2.33 were estimated for fast neutron irradiation in trabecular bone volume fraction and bone mineral density, respectively. There was a substantial reduction in osteoclast surface level in tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-stained histological sections of tibial metaphyses in irradiated mice with high dose of neutrons. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between the loss of bone architecture and the radiation dose. The difference of osteoclastic bone resorption may represent a contributor to the low RBE in high dose of irradiation level relative to that of low dose level. Neutrons trabecular bone osteoclast relative biological effectiveness 2015 7 01 251 257 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1520-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.008
50-1521 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric and gastroesophageal cancer: Phase II clinical trial F. Samiei A. Maddah Safaei afsan1980@ymail.com E. Esmati A. Alibakhshi MS. Mirai Ashtiani P. Haddad H. Nosrati N. Khanjani Background: Gastric cancer is an important health problem across the world. Chemotherapy in combination with local treatment is standard treatment for locally advanced gastroesophageal cancers. The purpose of this investigation was evaluation of response and tolerability to neoadjuvant EOX regimen in locoregionally advanced gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: patients with locoregionally advanced gastric or EG junction adenocarcinoma enrolled in this study. Staging workup including chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, upper GI endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), CEA, CBC, liver and renal function test were done. After treatment with 3 cycles of EOX regimen, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and chest and abdominal CT scan was done to evaluate the response to neoadjuant chemotherapy. Results: The age of patients ranged from 37 to 78 years, with a mean age of 56.6 (SD=11.8). before chemotherapy, most patients were classified as stage III (98.8%) and after chemotherapy, most patients were classified as stage II (57.14%). only 28.5% of tumors were resectable before chemotherapy, but after chemotherapy 82.1% of tumors were resectable. 75% of tumors were downstaged after chemotherapy. Conclusion: With regard to acceptable response and downstaging of tumors and less toxicity with EOX regimen in locoregionally advanced gastric cancer, it seems that evaluation of this regimen as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in more advanced phase III clinical trial is necessary and logical. Gastric cancer gastroesophageal cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy EOX regimen ECF regimen 2015 7 01 259 264 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1521-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.009
50-1522 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 The role of demographic features, pathologic subtype and classifications on prognosis in patients with Rhabdomyosarcoma referred to Iran Cancer Institute M. Babaei E. Esmati A. Maddah Safaei H. Nosrati hassannosrati@yahoo.com M. Hadji S. Ahmadi S.R. Madani M. Ganjalikhani Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare malignant soft tissue sarcoma and the most common sarcoma of childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of age and sex of patients, pathological subtypes and to determine the role of staging and classification of RMS on treatment outcome. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients who diagnosed with RMS in Cancer Institute between 2006 and 2013. We used the Kaplan Meier and life table methods to estimate survival rate. STATA statistical software ver. 11.2 was used for statistical analyses. Results: Thirty patients with a mean age of 15.1 years (±SD =18.1) were evaluated.66.6 Percent were males. Median follow-up for survivors was 57.3 months (±SD=32.4). Survival rates of patients were as follows: 6 months (94%), 1 year (87%), 3 years (69%), and 5 years (50%). The pathology review classified of tumors as botryoid (6.7%), spindle cell (6.7%), embryonal (40%), alveolar (33.3%) and undifferentiated (13.3%). 3 years survival for patients with international classification III (alveolar and undifferentiated) was 70%, International classification II (embryonal) was 67%. Due to small sample size, we can’t report 3 years survival for international classification I (botryoid and spindle cell). Conclusion: Our results support early age of onset (>50% of RMS cases are diagnosed before age 10 years). Age of diagnosis often gives key facts about clinical behavior and has a noticeable effect on 5 year survival it is a prognostic factor in RMS. Disease extent as well as age and histology affect survival. Rhabdomyosarcoma survival childhood sarcoma 2015 7 01 265 268 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1522-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.010
50-1523 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 The effect of “Curcuma Longa” topical gel on radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer A. Mansourian M. Amanlou Sh. Shirazian shiraziansh@gmail.com Z. Moosavian Jahromi A. Amirian Background: Different treatment and protective approaches for radiation-induced oral mucositis have been practiced and have varieties of success. Of which, radioprotective agents, synthetic or natural, have been of great interest for researchers. This study aims to evaluate the effect of curcuma longa topical gel as a herbal production on mucositis induced by radiation therapy of head and neck cancers. Materials and Methods: Thirty seven patients with head and neck cancer admitted for radiation therapy were selected. The patients were given curcuma longa or placebo topical gel for 8 weeks since the initiation of the radiotherapy, and were evaluated weekly for the presence and the extent of oral mucositis. Results: No grade-3 mucositis was observed in patients who used curcuma longa topical gel, and the grade of the mucositis was significantly different between the two groups with better effects found in case group compared to controls. No significant difference between the case and control groups was observed when comparing the time of appearing the first signs of mucositis. Oral lesions in case group were significantly smaller than that of control group. Conclusion: This study showed that the topical gel, containing curcuma longa’s derivate, can effectively reduce the oral symptoms of mucositis in patients undergoing head and neck cancer radiotherapy. This herbal drug improves the grade of mucositis and reduces the size of oral lesions resulting from radiotherapy to the head and neck region. Curcuma longa oral mucositis radiotherapy 2015 7 01 269 274 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1523-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.011
50-1524 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 The effect of superposition of 900 MHz and incoherent noise electromagnetic fields on the induction of reactive oxygen species in SP2/0 cell line E. Kazemi S.M.J. Mortazavi mmortazavi@sums.ac.ir A. Ali Ghanbari H. Mozdarani S. Sharif-Zadeh Z. Mostafavi-pour F. Zal S. Haghdoost Background: Induction of cellular response after exposure to electromagnetic fields is limited to coherent fields. An incoherent noise field is supposed to suppress the bioeffects of regular RF electromagnetic fields. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of GSM mobile phone-induced radiofrequency (RF) on the induction of oxidative stress in SP2/0 cell line. Materials and Methods: This study was also an attempt to assess whether these RF-induced effects can be blocked by superposing the RF radiation and an incoherent magnetic noise. Three groups of cultured cells were used in this study. The cells in the first group were only exposed to RF radiation emitted from a mobile phone simulator. The second group was only exposed to an incoherent noise field and the third group was simultaneously exposed to RF radiation and incoherent noise field. The exposure duration in all groups was 2 hours. The level of ROS production in the cells was quantified by the CM-H2DCFDA fluorescence probe, using flow cytometry technique. Results: Although our results showed increased ROS production after exposure to 900 MHz RF radiation, superposition of 900 MHz RF and the incoherent noise fields did not lead to increased levels of ROS in any experiment. However, the differences between RF exposure group and superposition of RF and noise exposure group were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Altogether our results cannot support the neutralizing effect of noise theory but may confirm the concept that just the coherent fields can be bioeffective while the incoherent noise fields cannot cause any biological effects. Electromagnetic fields (EMF) superposition noise reactive oxygen species (ROS) 2015 7 01 275 280 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1524-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.012
50-1525 2024-03-29 10.1002
International Journal of Radiation Research Int J Radiat Res 2322-3243 2345-4229 10.61186/ijrr 2015 13 3 Evaluation of γ-irradiation treatment on the antibacterial activities of Mentha piperita L. essential oils in vitro and in vivo systems (CLP inflammatory model) Sh. Ghanooni A. Dadkhah dadkhah_bio@yahoo.com F. Fatemi M.R. Zolfaghari Background: Mentha piperita L. essential oils have different antibacterial activity. In the present study, we investigated the effect of &gamma–irradiation on the antibacterial activities of Mentha piperita L. essential oils in vitro and in vivo systems. Materials and Methods: The aerial parts of peppermint were irradiated in a cobalt60 source with 0, 10 and 25 kGy absorbed doses. Then, the plants were subjected to Clevenger extraction to obtain essential oils. The peppermint oils were evaluated for the potential activity against four pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro system. The antibacterial assays were determined by using agar well diffusion and disk diffusion methods. In addition, a broth macrodilution method was utilized to evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC’s) of the peppermint essential oils. For evaluation the in vivo antibacterial activity, a surgical procedure by Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP) in rats was used. The blood samples were taken from the rats for blood colony forming units (CFU) determination. Results: The results indicated that the oil was effective in reducing CFU caused by sepsis-induced CLP operation. Also, the peppermint oil was effective against all Gram positive and Gram negative organisms tested in vitro system. Irradiated peppermint had no significant antibacterial effects compared with non irradiated one. Conclusion: This study indicated the antibacterial activities of peppermint oils both in vivo and in vitro systems which is sustained even after gamma-irradiation treatment. Mentha piperita L essential oils ץ-irradiation antibacterial activity sepsis CLP 2015 7 01 281 286 http://ijrr.com/article-1-1525-en.pdf 10.7508/ijrr.2015.03.013