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Showing 3 results for Nigeria.
Dr. N.n. Jibiri, P.e. Biere,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (3-2011)
Abstract
Background: Presently, the British-American
Tobacco Company (BAT) located in Ibadan, Oyo State
is the only tobacco producing company in Nigeria
accounting for about nine different brands of cigarette
tobacco smoked in the country. The tobacco
leaves are produced from some farmlands located in
Oke-Ogun area of Ibadan where special fertilizers are
used for the growing of the tobacco leaves. The use
of this fertilizer may enhance natural radionuclide
contents in the farm soils and through root uptake be
accumulated in the leaves. In this study, soil samples
from three farmlands used for the production of the
tobacco leaves were collected in order to determine
the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in
the farm soil. Materials and Methods: Measurements
for the determination of the activity concentrations
were carried out using gamma-ray spectrometry
comprising a lead-shielded 76 mm × 76 mm NaI(Tl)
detector crystal (Model 802 series, Bicron NaI)
coupled to a Canberra series 10 plus multichannel
analyzer (MCA) (model 1104) through an preamplifier
base. Results: Results of measurements showed that
the average activity concentrations of the natural
radionuclides in the soil samples across the three
farms varied from 2550.4± 154.6 to 3208.9 ± 188.7
Bq kg-1 for 40K, 33.1±11.9 to 39.9±9.3 Bq kg-1 for
226Ra, while for 232Th it varied between 51.98± 8.4
and 56.08±17.51 Bq kg-1. The activity concentrations
of these radionuclides and gamma absorbed dose
rates due to the concentration of these radionuclides
were found to be higher than world average values
while those of the control farm values were lower to
world averages and the tobacco leaf farms.
Conclusion: From the results obtained the fertilizer
type used on the farmlands for the tobacco leaf
production was very rich in 40K with typical values
greater 2000 Bq kg-1. Also there may be possible high
signatures of 210Pb and 210Po in the tobacco leaves
and the cigarette samples smoked in the country.
This is a subject for future research consideration
given the fact that alpha radiation plays a major role
in the etiology of lung cancer. Iran. J. Radiat. Res.,
2011 8 (4): 201-206
B.c. Eke, U.m. Ukewuihe, Ph.d., I.r. Akomolafe,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background: Environmental radioactivity measurement of soil samples from the densely populated community has become imperative considering the radiological exposure associated with primordial radionuclides. Materials and Method: Sixty soil samples were collected at different locations within Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education (AIFCE) and Federal Polytechnic Nekede (FPN), Owerri. Radioactivity measurements were carried out by the method of gamma-ray spectrometry with thallium doped sodium iodide [NaI(Tl)] detector. Results: The mean activity concentrations of 88.41±1.51, 20.69±3.56 and 25.04±0.71 Bqkg-1 for 40K, 226Ra and 232Th, respectively, were obtained in soil samples of AIFCE, while 92.97±1.50, 20.48±3.21 and 22.36±0.70 Bqkg-1 for 40K, 226Ra and 232Th, respectively, were obtained in soil samples of FPN. These values are below the average world value of 420, 32 and 45 Bqkg-1 for 40K, 226Ra and 232Th, respectively, as recorded in UNSCEAR 2000 report. The calculated absorbed dose, annual effective dose and other radiological hazard indices were below the recommended safe limit. The mean calculated values of the excess lifetime cancer risk for AIFCE and FPN are 0.12±0.03 and 0.11±0.03, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results from the present study, it is evidence that the activity concentrations and other radiological parameters are within the world’s safe limit, indicating that soil samples from the AIFCE and FPN, Owerri are free from radioactive contamination and do not pose a threat to the two communities.
M.k. Lawal, Ph.d P.s. Ayanlola, A.a. Aremu, O.o. Oladapo, G.a. Isola, O.m. Oni, E.a. Adeoje,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background: The transfer of dissolved radionuclide in water into the indoor air is one of the major pathways for radon-222 (222Rn). In water treatment and production plants (WTPPs), there is a risk that radon degasses from the water and enters into the indoor air. Hence, this study assessed different WTPPs to determine the amount of 222Rn workers are exposed to as a result of their occupation. Materials and Methods: An Electret Passive Environmental Radon Monitor (E-PERM®) device was used to investigate the indoor radon levels in the processing, packaging, and storage rooms of five (5) well-known and active WTPPs in Ogbomoso, Nigeria, and descriptive statistics was used for the analysis of data obtained. Results: The radon concentration obtained varies between 44 - 149 Bq/m3 with an average of 69.28 ± 20.06 Bq/m3 in the processing rooms, 27 – 44 Bq/m3 with an average of 36.02 ± 4.05 Bq/m3 in the packaging rooms and 34 – 144 Bq/m3 with an average of 71.15 ± 42.81 Bq/m3 in the storage rooms. The average annual effective dose obtained for each of the WTPPs varies between 1.00 mSvy-1 and 2.00 mSvy-1. Conclusion: The results showed that all the investigated WTPPs had high radon concentration and annual effective dose when compared with the action level proposed by local and international organizations. Hence, the workers are at risk to 222Rn during water treatment and production processes.
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