en Radiation Biology Radiation Biology تحقيق بديع Original Research <span style="font-weight: bold"> Background:</span> Several landmine detection methods, based on nuclear techniques, have been suggested during the recent years. Neutron energy moderation, neutron-induced gamma emission, neutron and gamma attenuation, and fast neutron backscattering are nuclear-based methods used for landmine detection. The aim of this study is to use backscattered neutron for landmine detection. <span style="font-weight: bold">Materials and Methods: </span>MCNP code, a well-known Monte Carlo particle-transport code, was theoretically used for backscattered neutron counts. An Am-Be neutron source and a single thermal neutron detector were experimentally applied to detect the buried sample. <span style="font-weight: bold">Results:</span> The experimental results obtained in this way have been in good agreement with the theoretical results obtained by MCNP. Therefore, the shield of neutron source plays an important role on landmine detection. <span style="font-weight: bold">Conclusion: </span>Hydrogenous material such as polyethylene and boric acid can be used as suitable shields. They can increase neutron counts in detector and facilitate detection process.<br>Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2007 4 (4): 183-186 Landmine, Am-Be source, MCNP code, BF3 detector, polyethylene, TNT. 183 186 http://ijrr.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-221&slc_lang=en&sid=1 D. Rezaei Ochbelagh ddrezaey@yahoo.com 79003194753284600673 79003194753284600673 Yes H. Miri Hakimabad 79003194753284600674 79003194753284600674 No R. Izadi Najafabadi 79003194753284600675 79003194753284600675 No